What is accessibility in virtual exchange? A critical framework for research, practice, and dialogue

Authors

  • Andjela Kaur The Pennsylvania State University
  • Laura Cruz The Pennsylvania State University
  • Mary Ann Tobin The Pennsylvania State University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v38i1.1135

Keywords:

Accessibility, global learning, virtual exchange

Abstract

Virtual exchange, also known as telecollaboration or collaborative online international learning (COIL), has emerged as a promising modality for global learning, enhancing accessibility in higher education. Unlike traditional study abroad programs, which often exclude students with disabilities or those facing financial, time, or identity-related constraints, virtual exchange reduces physical and financial barriers, broadening access to cross-cultural learning. This paper explores the potential of virtual exchange to address accessibility challenges in the context of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and academic ableism. It also investigates the concepts of accessibility friction and the practice of virtual colonizing. By addressing dynamic and conflicting access needs at individual, institutional, and systemic levels, and fostering critical consciousness to navigate power dynamics and cultural nuances, this paper aims to promote equitable global learning experiences. It urges educators and institutions to critically reflect on their practices and policies to create more inclusive educational landscapes.

Abstract in Serbian

Virtuelna razmena je modalitet globalnog obrazovanja koji unapređuje pristupačnost visokom obrazovanju. Za razliku od tradicionalnih programa studiranja u inostranstvu, koji često isključuju studente s invaliditetom ili one koji se suočavaju sa finansijskim, vremenskim ili identitetskim ograničenjima, virtuelna razmena smanjuje fizičke i finansijske barijere, proširujući pristup inter-kulturnom obrazovanju. Ovaj rad istražuje potencijal virtuelne razmene da odgovori na izazove pristupačnosti u kontekstu visokog obrazovanja. Rad istražuje koncepte akademskog abelizma, univerzalnog dizajna u nastavi (UDL, tenzija pristupačnosti i virtuelne kolonizacije. Razmatrajući dinamične i konfliktne potrebe pristupa na individualnom, institucionalnom i sistemskom nivou, te negujući kritičku svest radi snalaženja u odnosima moći i kulturnim nijansama, ovaj rad teži promovisanju jednakosti u kontekstu globalnog obrazovanja. Poziva nastavnike i institucije da kritički preispitaju svoje prakse i politike kako bi stvorili inkluzivnije obrazovne prostore.

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Author Biographies

Andjela Kaur, The Pennsylvania State University

Andjela H. Kaur, PhD CRC CVE, is an Assistant Teaching Professor in Biobehavioral Health and Rehabilitation and Human Services at Penn State Lehigh Valley. Her research focuses on the political economy of disability, inclusive teaching, and globalization and disability.

Laura Cruz, The Pennsylvania State University

Laura Cruz, PhD, is a Research Professor (teaching and learning) for the Schreyer Institute for Teaching Excellence at Penn State University. Her research interests include creative problem-solving, educational development, and emerging forms of scholarship.

Mary Ann Tobin, The Pennsylvania State University

Mary Ann Tobin, PhD, is Associate Research Professor and Instructional Consultant with Penn State's Schreyer Institute for Teaching Excellence, where she shares her expertise on accessible, inclusive and equitable teaching strategies and Universal Design for Learning (UDL).

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Published

2026-04-23

How to Cite

Kaur, A., Cruz, L., & Tobin, M. A. (2026). What is accessibility in virtual exchange? A critical framework for research, practice, and dialogue. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 38(1), 386–405. https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v38i1.1135