International Education in the 21st Century: The Importance of Faculty in Developing Study Abroad Research Opportunities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v26i1.365Keywords:
STEM, Study abroad, Faculty, Research, Short-term programsAbstract
United States institutions of higher education are under increasing pressure to “internationalize”, which entails expanding curricula to overseas contexts, accepting international students, and sending significant numbers of Americans to study abroad. Despite such initiatives, as well as its assumed value in the undergraduate curriculum, less than ten percent of U.S. students currently study abroad, with STEM participation traditionally lagging behind that of social sciences and humanities students. Unfortunately, study abroad enrollments have not expanded in the desired magnitude(s), despite the explosion of shorter-term programming. With this in mind, what kinds of programs might leverage STEM disciplinary research interests to facilitate growth in these majors? How would these programs distinguish themselves from traditional ones, which are usually course-based? And finally, how would they incorporate STEM faculty to ensure that they are sufficiently integrated into the curricula? This paper argues that a reimagining of study abroad programming may be necessary – one that begins and ends with local disciplinary faculty, especially those in the STEM (sciences, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields, to develop undergraduate study abroad research opportunities. In doing so, it asserts that STEM disciplinary interests towards internationalization are fundamentally different than faculty in the humanities and the social sciences, and it is necessary to leverage these distinctions to create high-quality undergraduate programs oriented towards research. The argument is supported with examples from several University of California campuses and some private universities.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Agnew, M. (2012). Strategic Planning: An Examination of the Role of Disciplines in Sustaining Internationalization of the University. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 17, 183-202.
Arum, S. (1987). International education: What is it? A taxonomy of international education of U.S. universities. CIEE Occasional Papers on International Educational Exchange, 23, 5-22.
Bolen, M. C., & Martin, P. C. (November 2005). Introduction: Undergraduate Research Abroad: Challenges and Rewards. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XI, xi – xvi.
Bonfiglio, O. (1999). The Difficulties of Internationalizing the American Undergraduate Curriculum. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 3, 3-18.
The Boyer Commission on Educating Undergraduates in the Research University (1998). Reinventing Undergraduate Education: A Blueprint for America’s Research Universities. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Braskamp, L. A., Braskamp, D. C., & Merrill, K. C. (Fall 2009). Assessing Progress in Global Learning and Development of Students with Education Abroad Experiences. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XVIII, 101-118.
Breit, R., Obijiofor, L., & Fitzgerald, R. (2013). Internationalization as De-Westernization of the Curriculum: The Case of Journalism at an Australian University. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 17(2), 119-135.
Carroll, J.B. (1967). Foreign Language Proficiency Levels attained by Language Majors Near Graduation from College. Foreign Language Annals, 1, 131-151.
Chieffo, L., & Griffiths, L. (Fall 2004). Large-Scale Assessment of Student Attitudes after a Short-Term Study Abroad Program. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, X, 165-177.
Clarke, I., Flaherty, T. B., Wright, N. D., & McMillen, R. M. (2009). Student Intercultural Proficiency from Study Abroad Programs. Journal of Marketing Education, 31:2, 173-181.
Coryell, J. E., Durodoye, B. A., Wright, R. R., Pate, E. P., & Nguyen, S. (2010). Case Studies of Internationalization in Adult and Higher Education: Inside the Processes of Four Universities in the United States and the United Kingdom. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 76-98.
Davidson, D. E. (2010). Study Abroad: When, How Long, and With What Results? New Data From the Russian Front. Foreign Language Annals, 43, 1.
DeGraaf, D., Slagter, C., Larsen, K., & Ditta, L. (Fall 2013). Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XXIII, 42-59.
Deardorff, D. K. (2006). Identification and Assessment of Intercultural Competence as a Student Outcome of Internationalization. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 10, 241-266.
DeWinter, U. J., & Rumbley, L. E. (2010). The Diversification of Education Abroad Across the Curriculum. In W.W. Hoffa & S.C. DePaul (Eds.), A History of U.S. Study Abroad: 1965-Present (pp. 204-05). Carlisle, PA: Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad.
Doyle, S., Gendall, P., Meyer, L. H., Hoek, J., Tait, C., McKenzie, L., & Loorparg, A. (2010). An Investigation of Factors Associated With Student Participation in Study Abroad. Journal of Studies in International Education, 14, 471-490.
Dwyer, M. M. (Fall 2004). More Is Better: The Impact of Study Abroad Program Duration. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, X, 151-164.
Engle, L., and Engle, J. (2003). Study Abroad Levels: Toward a Classification of Program Types. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, IX, 1-20.
Farrugia, C.A., & Bhandari, R. (2013). Open Doors 2013 Report on International Educational Exchange. New York, NY: Institute of International Exchange.
Fernández-Giménez, S., Gore, J. E., Hatch-Surisook, H. M., & Schwaller, J. F. (2005). Materials, Modes, and Motivation: Curriculum Integration as a Communications Strategy. In Internationalizing Undergraduate Education: Integrating Study Abroad into the Curriculum (pp. 159-168). Minneapolis, MN: The Learning Center, University of Minnesota.
Fernández-Giménez, S., & Allen, C. E. (2005). Addressing Student Finances. In Internationalizing Undergraduate Education: Integrating Study Abroad into the Curriculum (pp. 181-188). Minneapolis, MN: The Learning Center, University of Minnesota.
Fitch, K. (2013). A Disciplinary Perspective: The Internationalization of Australian Public Relations Education. Journal of Studies in International Education. 17, 136.
Forum on Education Abroad. In online Education Abroad Glossary, Retrieved from http://www.forumea.org/EducationAbroadProgramFeaturesandTypes.cfm.
Forum on Education Abroad. (2012). The Forum on Education Abroad: State of the Field Survey 2013. Survey. Retrieved from http://www.forumea.org/documents/ForumEA-State-of-the-Field-Report-2013.pdf.
Gillespie, J., Braskamp, L. A., & Braskamp, D.C. (Fall 1999). Evaluation and Study Abroad: Developing Assessment Criteria and Practices to Promote Excellence. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, V, 101-127.
Graham, M. J., Frederick, J., Byars-Winston, A., Hunter, A-B., & Handelsman, J. (September 27, 2013). Increasing Persistence of College Students in STEM. Science, 341, 1455-1456.
Green, W., & Whitsed, C. (2013). Reflections on an Alternative Approach to Continuing Professional Learning for Internationalization of the Curriculum Across Disciplines. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 17(2), 148-164.
Hadis, B. F., (August 2005). Why are They Better Students when They Come Back? Determinants of Academic Focusing Gains in the Study Abroad Experience. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XI, 57-70.
Hoffa, W. (2007). A History of US Study Abroad: Beginnings to 1965. Carlisle, PA: Forum on Education Abroad.
Hunter, B., White, G. P., & Godbey, G. C. (2006). What Does It Mean to Be Globally Competent? Journal of Studies in International Education, 10(3), 267-285.
Hu, S., Kuh, G. D., & Gaston, J. (October 2007). Engaging Undergraduate Students in Research Activities: Are Research Universities Doing a Better Job?” Innovation in Higher Education, v32, n3, 167-177.
Ingraham, E. C. & Peterson, D.L. (Fall 2004). Assessing the Impact of Study Abroad on Student Learning at Michigan State University. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, X, 83-100.
Institute of International Education. (2014). Generation Study Abroad. Retrieved from http://www.iie.org/en/Programs/Generation-Study-Abroad.
Kehl, K., & Morris, J. (Winter 2007-08). Differences in Global-Mindedness between Short-Term and Semester-Long Study Abroad Participants at Selected Private Universities. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XV, 67-81.
Knight, J. (2003). Updated internationalization definition. International Higher Education, 33, 2-3.
Kurt, M. R., Olitsky, N. H., & Geis, P. (Fall 2013). Assessing Global Awareness over Short-Term Study Abroad Sequence: A Factor Analysis. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XXIII, 23-41.
Leask, B. (2012). Internationalisation of the Curriculum in Action. Office for Learning and Teaching. DEEWR: Sydney. Retrieved from http://www.olt.gov.au/resource-internationalisationcurriculum-action-2012.
McLaughlin, J. S., & Johnson, D. K. (Fall 2006). Assessing the Field Course
Experiential Learning Model: Transforming Collegiate Short-term Study Abroad Experiences into Rich Learning Environments. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XIII, 65-85.
McLeod, M., & Wainwright, P. (Spring 2009). Researching the Study Abroad Experience. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 13:66, 66-71.
National Science Board (2014). Chapter 14. In Science and Engineering Indicators 2014. Arlington VA: National Science Foundation (NSB 14-01). Retrieved from http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind14/.
National Survey of Student Engagement (2013). A Fresh Look at Student Engagement: Annual Results 2013. Retrieved from http://nsse.iub.edu/NSSE_2013_Results/pdf/NSSE_2013_Annual_Results.pdf#page=10.
Otero, M. S., & McCoshan, A. (2006). Survey of the Socio-Economic Background of ERASMUS Students. ECOTEC Research and Consulting Limited. Retrieved from http://www.immagic.com/eLibrary/ARCHIVES/GENERAL/EU_EC/E060800O.pdf.
Paus, E., & Robinson, M. (2009). Increasing Study Abroad Participation:
The Faculty Makes the Difference. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XVIII, 33-49.
Redden, E. (2010, July 14). Academic outcomes of study abroad. Inside Higher Education. Retrieved from http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2010/07/13/abroad.
Rexeisen, R. J. (2013). Study Abroad and the Boomerang Effect: The End is Only the Beginning. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XXII, 166-181.
Riggan, J., Gwak, S., Lesnick, J., Jackson, K., & Olitsky, S. (2011). Meta-travel: A Critical Inquiry into a China Study Tour. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XXI, 236-254.
Rodman, R., & Merrill, M. (2010). Unlocking Study Abroad Potential: Design Models, Methods, and Masters. In W.W. Hoffa & S.C. DePaul (Eds.), A History of U.S. Study Abroad: 1965-Present (pp. 204-05). Carlisle, PA: Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad..
Seymour, E., Barrie-Hunter, A., Laursen, S. L., & Deantoni, T. (2004). Establishing the Benefits of Research Experiences for Undergraduates in the Sciences: First findings from a Three-Year Study. Science Education, 88(4), 493-534.
Shirley, S., & Gladding, S. (2005). Assess-Match-Motivate: The University of Minnesota's Curriculum Integration Methodology. In Internationalizing Undergraduate Education: Integrating Study Abroad into the Curriculum (pp. 14-20). Minneapolis, MN: The Learning Center, University of Minnesota.
Stohl, M. (Fall/Winter 2007). We Have Met the Enemy and He Is Us: The Role of the Faculty in the Internationalization of Higher Education in the Coming Decade. Journal of Studies in International Education. 11, 359-372.
Stroud, April H. (2010). Who Plans (Not) to Study Abroad? An Examination of U.S. Student Intent. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 14, 491-507.
Sutton, R. C., & Rubin, D. L. (Fall 2004). The GLOSSARI Project: Initial Findings from a System-Wide Research Initiative on Study Abroad Learning Outcomes. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, X, 65-82.
The Royal Society (2011). Knowledge, Networks, and Nations: Global Scientific Collaboration in the 21st Century. The Royal Society. Retrieved from https://royalsociety.org/~/media/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2011/4294976134.pdf.
Van Deusen, B. G. (2007). Moving Beyond Marketing Studying Abroad: Comparative Case Studies of the Implementation of the Minnesota Study Abroad Model of Curriculum Integration. Twin Cities, MN: University of Minnesota, Department of Educational Policy and Administration.
Vande Berg, M. (Fall/Winter 2007). Intervening in the learning of U.S. students abroad. Journal of Studies in International Education, II (4), 392-399.
Wells, R. (Fall 2006). Nontraditional Study Abroad Destinations: Analysis of a Trend. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XII, 113-133.
Woodruff, G., Gladding, S., Knudson, M. & Stallman, E. (2005). The Forum on Education Abroad: A baseline survey of curriculum integration in education abroad. Survey. PA: The Forum on Education Abroad.
Woodruff, G. A. (2009). Curriculum Integration: Where We Have Been And Where We Are Going. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota.
Woolf, Michael (2007). Impossible Things Before Breakfast: Myths in Education Abroad. Journal of Studies in International Education, 11, 496-509.
Zamastil-Vondrova, K. (January-February 2005). Good Faith or Hard Data?
Justifying Short-Term Programs. International Educator. Retrieved from http://www.nafsa.org/_/File/_/educationabroadjan_feb05.pdf.
Arum, S. (1987). International education: What is it? A taxonomy of international education of U.S. universities. CIEE Occasional Papers on International Educational Exchange, 23, 5-22.
Bolen, M. C., & Martin, P. C. (November 2005). Introduction: Undergraduate Research Abroad: Challenges and Rewards. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XI, xi – xvi.
Bonfiglio, O. (1999). The Difficulties of Internationalizing the American Undergraduate Curriculum. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 3, 3-18.
The Boyer Commission on Educating Undergraduates in the Research University (1998). Reinventing Undergraduate Education: A Blueprint for America’s Research Universities. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
Braskamp, L. A., Braskamp, D. C., & Merrill, K. C. (Fall 2009). Assessing Progress in Global Learning and Development of Students with Education Abroad Experiences. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XVIII, 101-118.
Breit, R., Obijiofor, L., & Fitzgerald, R. (2013). Internationalization as De-Westernization of the Curriculum: The Case of Journalism at an Australian University. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 17(2), 119-135.
Carroll, J.B. (1967). Foreign Language Proficiency Levels attained by Language Majors Near Graduation from College. Foreign Language Annals, 1, 131-151.
Chieffo, L., & Griffiths, L. (Fall 2004). Large-Scale Assessment of Student Attitudes after a Short-Term Study Abroad Program. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, X, 165-177.
Clarke, I., Flaherty, T. B., Wright, N. D., & McMillen, R. M. (2009). Student Intercultural Proficiency from Study Abroad Programs. Journal of Marketing Education, 31:2, 173-181.
Coryell, J. E., Durodoye, B. A., Wright, R. R., Pate, E. P., & Nguyen, S. (2010). Case Studies of Internationalization in Adult and Higher Education: Inside the Processes of Four Universities in the United States and the United Kingdom. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 76-98.
Davidson, D. E. (2010). Study Abroad: When, How Long, and With What Results? New Data From the Russian Front. Foreign Language Annals, 43, 1.
DeGraaf, D., Slagter, C., Larsen, K., & Ditta, L. (Fall 2013). Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XXIII, 42-59.
Deardorff, D. K. (2006). Identification and Assessment of Intercultural Competence as a Student Outcome of Internationalization. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 10, 241-266.
DeWinter, U. J., & Rumbley, L. E. (2010). The Diversification of Education Abroad Across the Curriculum. In W.W. Hoffa & S.C. DePaul (Eds.), A History of U.S. Study Abroad: 1965-Present (pp. 204-05). Carlisle, PA: Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad.
Doyle, S., Gendall, P., Meyer, L. H., Hoek, J., Tait, C., McKenzie, L., & Loorparg, A. (2010). An Investigation of Factors Associated With Student Participation in Study Abroad. Journal of Studies in International Education, 14, 471-490.
Dwyer, M. M. (Fall 2004). More Is Better: The Impact of Study Abroad Program Duration. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, X, 151-164.
Engle, L., and Engle, J. (2003). Study Abroad Levels: Toward a Classification of Program Types. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, IX, 1-20.
Farrugia, C.A., & Bhandari, R. (2013). Open Doors 2013 Report on International Educational Exchange. New York, NY: Institute of International Exchange.
Fernández-Giménez, S., Gore, J. E., Hatch-Surisook, H. M., & Schwaller, J. F. (2005). Materials, Modes, and Motivation: Curriculum Integration as a Communications Strategy. In Internationalizing Undergraduate Education: Integrating Study Abroad into the Curriculum (pp. 159-168). Minneapolis, MN: The Learning Center, University of Minnesota.
Fernández-Giménez, S., & Allen, C. E. (2005). Addressing Student Finances. In Internationalizing Undergraduate Education: Integrating Study Abroad into the Curriculum (pp. 181-188). Minneapolis, MN: The Learning Center, University of Minnesota.
Fitch, K. (2013). A Disciplinary Perspective: The Internationalization of Australian Public Relations Education. Journal of Studies in International Education. 17, 136.
Forum on Education Abroad. In online Education Abroad Glossary, Retrieved from http://www.forumea.org/EducationAbroadProgramFeaturesandTypes.cfm.
Forum on Education Abroad. (2012). The Forum on Education Abroad: State of the Field Survey 2013. Survey. Retrieved from http://www.forumea.org/documents/ForumEA-State-of-the-Field-Report-2013.pdf.
Gillespie, J., Braskamp, L. A., & Braskamp, D.C. (Fall 1999). Evaluation and Study Abroad: Developing Assessment Criteria and Practices to Promote Excellence. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, V, 101-127.
Graham, M. J., Frederick, J., Byars-Winston, A., Hunter, A-B., & Handelsman, J. (September 27, 2013). Increasing Persistence of College Students in STEM. Science, 341, 1455-1456.
Green, W., & Whitsed, C. (2013). Reflections on an Alternative Approach to Continuing Professional Learning for Internationalization of the Curriculum Across Disciplines. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 17(2), 148-164.
Hadis, B. F., (August 2005). Why are They Better Students when They Come Back? Determinants of Academic Focusing Gains in the Study Abroad Experience. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XI, 57-70.
Hoffa, W. (2007). A History of US Study Abroad: Beginnings to 1965. Carlisle, PA: Forum on Education Abroad.
Hunter, B., White, G. P., & Godbey, G. C. (2006). What Does It Mean to Be Globally Competent? Journal of Studies in International Education, 10(3), 267-285.
Hu, S., Kuh, G. D., & Gaston, J. (October 2007). Engaging Undergraduate Students in Research Activities: Are Research Universities Doing a Better Job?” Innovation in Higher Education, v32, n3, 167-177.
Ingraham, E. C. & Peterson, D.L. (Fall 2004). Assessing the Impact of Study Abroad on Student Learning at Michigan State University. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, X, 83-100.
Institute of International Education. (2014). Generation Study Abroad. Retrieved from http://www.iie.org/en/Programs/Generation-Study-Abroad.
Kehl, K., & Morris, J. (Winter 2007-08). Differences in Global-Mindedness between Short-Term and Semester-Long Study Abroad Participants at Selected Private Universities. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XV, 67-81.
Knight, J. (2003). Updated internationalization definition. International Higher Education, 33, 2-3.
Kurt, M. R., Olitsky, N. H., & Geis, P. (Fall 2013). Assessing Global Awareness over Short-Term Study Abroad Sequence: A Factor Analysis. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XXIII, 23-41.
Leask, B. (2012). Internationalisation of the Curriculum in Action. Office for Learning and Teaching. DEEWR: Sydney. Retrieved from http://www.olt.gov.au/resource-internationalisationcurriculum-action-2012.
McLaughlin, J. S., & Johnson, D. K. (Fall 2006). Assessing the Field Course
Experiential Learning Model: Transforming Collegiate Short-term Study Abroad Experiences into Rich Learning Environments. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XIII, 65-85.
McLeod, M., & Wainwright, P. (Spring 2009). Researching the Study Abroad Experience. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 13:66, 66-71.
National Science Board (2014). Chapter 14. In Science and Engineering Indicators 2014. Arlington VA: National Science Foundation (NSB 14-01). Retrieved from http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind14/.
National Survey of Student Engagement (2013). A Fresh Look at Student Engagement: Annual Results 2013. Retrieved from http://nsse.iub.edu/NSSE_2013_Results/pdf/NSSE_2013_Annual_Results.pdf#page=10.
Otero, M. S., & McCoshan, A. (2006). Survey of the Socio-Economic Background of ERASMUS Students. ECOTEC Research and Consulting Limited. Retrieved from http://www.immagic.com/eLibrary/ARCHIVES/GENERAL/EU_EC/E060800O.pdf.
Paus, E., & Robinson, M. (2009). Increasing Study Abroad Participation:
The Faculty Makes the Difference. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XVIII, 33-49.
Redden, E. (2010, July 14). Academic outcomes of study abroad. Inside Higher Education. Retrieved from http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2010/07/13/abroad.
Rexeisen, R. J. (2013). Study Abroad and the Boomerang Effect: The End is Only the Beginning. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XXII, 166-181.
Riggan, J., Gwak, S., Lesnick, J., Jackson, K., & Olitsky, S. (2011). Meta-travel: A Critical Inquiry into a China Study Tour. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XXI, 236-254.
Rodman, R., & Merrill, M. (2010). Unlocking Study Abroad Potential: Design Models, Methods, and Masters. In W.W. Hoffa & S.C. DePaul (Eds.), A History of U.S. Study Abroad: 1965-Present (pp. 204-05). Carlisle, PA: Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad..
Seymour, E., Barrie-Hunter, A., Laursen, S. L., & Deantoni, T. (2004). Establishing the Benefits of Research Experiences for Undergraduates in the Sciences: First findings from a Three-Year Study. Science Education, 88(4), 493-534.
Shirley, S., & Gladding, S. (2005). Assess-Match-Motivate: The University of Minnesota's Curriculum Integration Methodology. In Internationalizing Undergraduate Education: Integrating Study Abroad into the Curriculum (pp. 14-20). Minneapolis, MN: The Learning Center, University of Minnesota.
Stohl, M. (Fall/Winter 2007). We Have Met the Enemy and He Is Us: The Role of the Faculty in the Internationalization of Higher Education in the Coming Decade. Journal of Studies in International Education. 11, 359-372.
Stroud, April H. (2010). Who Plans (Not) to Study Abroad? An Examination of U.S. Student Intent. Journal of Studies in Higher Education, 14, 491-507.
Sutton, R. C., & Rubin, D. L. (Fall 2004). The GLOSSARI Project: Initial Findings from a System-Wide Research Initiative on Study Abroad Learning Outcomes. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, X, 65-82.
The Royal Society (2011). Knowledge, Networks, and Nations: Global Scientific Collaboration in the 21st Century. The Royal Society. Retrieved from https://royalsociety.org/~/media/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/2011/4294976134.pdf.
Van Deusen, B. G. (2007). Moving Beyond Marketing Studying Abroad: Comparative Case Studies of the Implementation of the Minnesota Study Abroad Model of Curriculum Integration. Twin Cities, MN: University of Minnesota, Department of Educational Policy and Administration.
Vande Berg, M. (Fall/Winter 2007). Intervening in the learning of U.S. students abroad. Journal of Studies in International Education, II (4), 392-399.
Wells, R. (Fall 2006). Nontraditional Study Abroad Destinations: Analysis of a Trend. Frontiers: the Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, XII, 113-133.
Woodruff, G., Gladding, S., Knudson, M. & Stallman, E. (2005). The Forum on Education Abroad: A baseline survey of curriculum integration in education abroad. Survey. PA: The Forum on Education Abroad.
Woodruff, G. A. (2009). Curriculum Integration: Where We Have Been And Where We Are Going. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota.
Woolf, Michael (2007). Impossible Things Before Breakfast: Myths in Education Abroad. Journal of Studies in International Education, 11, 496-509.
Zamastil-Vondrova, K. (January-February 2005). Good Faith or Hard Data?
Justifying Short-Term Programs. International Educator. Retrieved from http://www.nafsa.org/_/File/_/educationabroadjan_feb05.pdf.
Downloads
Published
2015-11-11
How to Cite
Giedt, . T., Gokcek , G., & Ghosh , J. (2015). International Education in the 21st Century: The Importance of Faculty in Developing Study Abroad Research Opportunities. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 26(1), 167–186. https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v26i1.365
Issue
Section
Research Articles
